Portal de Cartagena
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A study by the UPCT and promoted by the Department of Social Services and the Local Development Agency in collaboration ACCEM and CEPAIM has revealed the situation of migrant entrepreneurs in the municipality of Cartagena.
The report was presented this morning at the Museum of the Roman Theatre, the deputy director of the Office of Entrepreneurship, Antonia Madrid, within the framework of the second day of DELI Project: Diversity and Local Economy, which addressed the Council of Europe experts.
The profile of migrant entrepreneur revealed by this survey is that of a man, mainly of North African origin, who set up his business in the food and catering industry, for greater independence and autonomy, with money he had saved or lent or friends family.
The study highlights the underfunding of these businesses by banks and the lack of association between these entrepreneurs who mostly believe unnecessary.
Indeed it has been emphasized during trading this morning on the need to train these entrepreneurs and facilitate their integration into the financial system and business associations.
For their part, the Council of Europe experts have highlighted the good positioning of the city and its social and organizational integration for migrant entrepreneurs in the local economy base, but would have to maintain the current political commitment, set clear objectives for the short term and enhance communication in this area.
This has been pointed Lilia Kolombet and Jam Niessen.
One of the specific issues raised by Councillor Social Care, Antonio Calderon, who along with the Mayor, Pilar Barreiro, have greeted the attendees, it has been the gradual inclusion of social clauses in the municipal contracting to favor that companies that promote attention to diversity and integration of industries and workers at risk of social exclusion take precedence.
Among those involved in the various committees representatives of the City of Cartagena, COEC, companies and cooperatives and associations of immigrants were CEPAIM.
Cartagena is part of the Network of Intercultural Cities in Spain and is developing the project in the hands DELI Council of Europe, which aims to work with immigrants across the business network.
MAIN FINDINGS OF THE STUDY
The city of Cartagena hosts a total of 111 different nationalities from four continents.
Therefore, who live a large number of nationalities in a city of nearly 220,000 inhabitants justifies the importance of developing programs like DELI in town.
Although migrants mostly come from America and Latin America have a specific weight (20%), we note that 22.5% of the total migrant population, are citizens arriving from countries outside the European Union.
However, only 17% of migrants registered unemployed come from EU countries.
A more detailed analysis of the population shows that approximately 45% of the residents of Cartagena migrants have Moroccan nationality.
As expected, this fact has an impact on the origin of the businesses created by migrants.
In most companies regentadas by migrants, human presence there.
In fact the analyzed sample is characterized by a prominence of male migrant emprendedo r, since in 80.7% of cases the male figure is present.
In turn, the Moroccan origin is the most important since 53% of the sample has this origin.
The average age of the owner are around 38 years, this figure being slightly higher for migrant women entrepreneurs which increases to 41 years.
The entrepreneur male migrant enjoys greater previous experience in the sector women, and in both cases mostly have primary or secondary education.
Only 18.97% of the sample have university education.
The migrant associations are not very present in the sample cases since only 3.9% of respondents is associated.
However, this percentage increases when business associations are considered less than 7%.
Most businesses do not have employees, but you can not ignore that the 21.1% generated jobs for others.
This can be an opportunity for women to enter the labor market and that according to data 33% of businesses employ any women.
However, disabled people are not incorporated as labor migrant in the company since only 1.1% reported having a disability in its workforce.
Importantly, the criterion most valued when hiring employees is that person is the municipality of Cartagena, still above the standard family.
The most important reason leading migrant entrepreneurs start their own business is their desire for independence and operate a business opportunity as reasons need not find work or be fired being in late position.
The possibility of obtaining a higher income is more important in men than in women, and in the Moroccan segment from the rest.
Although the level of importance given the difficulties of starting a business is generally low, the biggest problem is the complexity of the relationship with the administration and the difficulty of finding a place for the activity.
The latter problem is strongest in the segment Moroccan migrants in the member countries and beyond.
Migrant entrepreneurs are mainly related to clients or other Cartagena Spain and to a lesser extent, from abroad or from their home countries.
Providers used by migrant entrepreneurs are also, mostly, Cartagena or the rest of Spain.
The personal savings and family are the main sources of financing to fund the start of migrant entrepreneurial activity.
You are being followed by loans with the family.
These loans are more common in male entrepreneur and Moroccan origin.
When the activity is developing a preference for these two sources remains, but entrepreneurs valued member countries more self-financing versus Moroccans rely more on family loans.
Clearly the role of financial institutions is merely testimonial.
The experience of migrant entrepreneurs seems positive, with encouraging prospects for the future in terms of expansion and continuation of the business.
The sector that dominates the analyzed sample is the sector related to catering and food, as 50% of the total sample (182) have related to hotels, clubs, restaurants and food shops business.
29% perform related services (call centers, hairdressers, etc¿) activities, and 16% is devoted to activities within the retail sector (shops, multiprecio bazaar, etc¿).
Source: Ayuntamiento de Cartagena
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