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With the environmental problems of the Mar Menor in mind, researchers and agricultural technicians involved today in the Polytechnic University of Cartagena (UPCT) in a day of the Ruena Network (Network efficient use of nitrogen in agriculture) on the management of fertilizers nitrogen in semiarid Mediterranean agricultural systems.
Agronomists UPCT researchers have proposed the cultivation of legumes, such as beans and peas, to reduce inputs of fertilizers with nitrogen causing pollution of aquifers.
"Legumes are able to absorb nitrogen directly from the air, thanks to bacteria, so they need a third or fourth of the contribution of nitrogen fertilizer than other crops," explained Professor Juan Antonio Fernandez.
"Enter legumes in crop rotation or in the hollows of intensive production improves soil properties, fixing nitrogen that can be used for the following plantations," he added.
Cartagena Polytechnic participates in the promotion project Eurolegume legumes for human and animal consumption compared to the current 'sojadependencia', seeking new commercial products such as high protein as an alternative to mashed guacamole.
Meanwhile, fellow researcher UPCT Angel Faz has introduced its patented technique to minimize the contribution of chemical nutrients using the manure generated by pig farms.
"We value the waste to the letter, depending on the liquid manure that is generated, the agricultural area and according to the needs of the crop, so that no nutrients accumulate contaminants", has detailed the research group responsible GARSA.
Proper use of manure
In addition to researchers UPCT, in the conference they participated experts from the University of Almería, of the Experimental Station of Cajamar, CEBAS and IMIDA.
Francisco del Amor has presented projects latter center for the optimization of both organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizers, explaining application techniques for effective and efficient use in greenhouses, soil or soilless.
IMIDA recommends farmers know at all times the demand for water and nutrients from crop to minimize the use of these fertilizers, both organic and conventional agriculture, in which the correct use of manure reduces nitrate leaching.
The protocol includes measures such as "recirculation of the nutrient solution, foliar nitrogen fertilization and the proper use of flow and frequency of fertigation to prevent seepage into aquifers," explains Love.
"Farmers must take care of the problem, comply with European standards is not sufficient because of our climate.
Without rain, the water aquifers that comes another seeping irrigation, "said the researcher.
Source: UPCT
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